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THIRD WAVE & THE EMERGING FOURTH

Specialty coffee is a moving target. The Third Wave defined the last twenty years; a quieter Fourth Wave is taking shape around science, sustainability, and accessibility. Learn the arc.

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Third WaveCraftLight roast

Third Wave — the craft era

~2002 → present

Pixel art of a barista hand-pouring a V60 with a single-origin bag

Coffee treated like wine: traceable to the farm, lightly roasted to preserve origin character, brewed manually with deliberate recipes, served by trained baristas. The cup becomes a transparent collaboration — farmer, processor, roaster, barista all named on the bag.

CRAFT NOTE

Trish Rothgeb's 2002 'Norway and Coffee' essay coined the term. By 2010 it was a global movement; by 2020 it was the default of any serious café.